Israel


 * //__THESIS: Israel was able to rise and get to be in the position of today due to talented immigrants who immigrated to Israel who had helped with reforming the government, and bring up its economy.__//** [[image:660px-Flag_of_Israel.svg.png width="281" height="204" align="left"]]


 * Introduction**

Israel, a country in Western Asia located on the eastern edge of the Mediterranean Sea, has been sacred land to the Jewish people since the time of the biblical times. Over the past three thousand years, the name “ Israel” has meant a common and religious usage regarding to “ the Land of Israel” and the entire “ Jewish Nation” as a whole. Through out history, the land of Israel was being consistently taken over by foreign invaders, and the Israelites was sent out to exile until 2 years after the end of WW2, 1948, where the UN and Britain signed the UN partition plan that officially establish a homeland for the Jewish, were they allow to return to their homeland Israel once again.However, a much bigger problem must be faced by the Israelites, as they must face a series of problems such as lack of a well organized political system to govern the country, economic laid in ruins due to lack of natural resources and must rely heavily on foreign aids, and the worst problem of all, being denied as a nation by the Arabs due to they rejected the establishment of a Jewish nation.


 * Economic Trouble** ( INFORMATION From CIA World Fact Book ( 2008) http://i-cias.com/e.o/israel_2.htm)

The condition of the economics of Israel during its beginning state was really poor.. The country have no natural or financial resources, and limited amount of job opportunities. The only job opportunity offered at that time was farming. Although farming is an important aspect of the rise of a country, however, if a country solely relies on farming, the economic growth of that country would be much slower compared to a country that relies on technology and farming as their main economic support. A country that produces technologies can sell its technological goods 10 times greater the price of a country only selling food and farm products in the market as technology goods worth more than food, and the country will gain more profits. Trades regulations ( control imports and exports of the country) by the government are important to a country, as the government regulates exchange ideas and goods that would be beneficial towards the country. In Israel, trade only happens privately at a local base by farmers. They basically sold their goods on to the market to other people to make a living, and considered very little about improving the economic of the country. Although The government took action by setting up a series price controls and rationing of food for the people, but life was still very harsh as the immigrants lack wealth and skills needed to improve the economy of the country.


 * Institution** ( from Government and Politics of Israel 1996 [|http://countrystudies.us/israel/77.htm)]

Some of the factors the a country must be aware of establishing its government were which type of governing systems they should adopt, and how should they set up their constitutions. Israel was basically facing this problem during its beginning state choosing a governing system would decide their future. Without an organized government, the country would be affected as it would be fragile, and easily being taken over by other countries such as Lebanon and several other Middle Eastern country, which was a threat to Israel. Lebanon, and several Middle east countries, were really frustrated when Israel declared independence. They believed that this time ( the time which Israel was just formed) was a good time to invade them as they lack a system of organization and governing system, and thus enhancing the reason why setting up the government would be the primarily objective of a country, especially Israel. Another reason establishing a good, formal government ruling system ( e.g. Having check and balance, and rules preventing government being “ over power” ) was fear or domination of a specific political parties. Golda Meir, a former Israeli prime minister, joked “ in Israel, there are 3 million prime ministers”. With out a balance between big and small political parties, it would ruin the proportional representation system. In other words, the government would be created in favor of the interests of a specific political group. For example, in 1948, Zionist parties were dominating the Israeli government. The government would be created according to zionists beliefs, such as creating a homeland for the Jews, focusing on recognitions of Israel as a country. Although this was a benefactor for Israel, but ideas such as improving the economy of Israel, solve the problem of poverty were not being heard.

In Israel’s military of defense, they had poor and had limited amount of weaponries. Their weapons were predominantly left overs from WW2 or “ home made” weapons with combinations from parts of other weapons. These weapons proposed lots of threats as it might possibly explode or malfunction, which will possibly cause more casualties towards the friendly side instead of to the enemy. Also, there was no organized system of disciplining and organizing these “ armies” as from the example of the six days war, the Israelis predominantly relied on their passed experiences in WW2 to fight off their invaders.
 * Military** ( INFO from Military Industry of Israel ( 2001) http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/israel/industry.htm)

www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/ jsource/biography/**Dayan**.html )
 * SUPPORTING 1** ( from Moshe Dayan, Jewish Virtual Library ( 2007-08)

It was not until in the late 1949 where immigrants with military knowledge had came and participated in the national military, like Moshi Dayan. Dayan had actively participated in the 1948 War of Independence when he commanded the defense of Jewish settlements in the Jordan Valley. He later commanded the battalion that attacked the city of Lydda and helped stop the Egyptian forces on the southern front of Israel. In August 1948, he was appointed commander on the Jerusalem front and in 1949, he participated in cease fire talk with Jordanian officials at Rhodes. Dayan's military experiences allowed him to rise to the rank of chief of operations at General Headquarters in 1952, and, in 1953, he wass elected Chief of Staff of the armed forces.


 * Supporting 2** ( **Improves the Foreign Relations with the Arabs. Info from** Golda Meir, Jewish Virtual Library ( 2008)http://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/biography/meir.html **)**

Golda Meir, 4th prime minister of Israel, had improved foreign relations with the Arabs and with other countries. Before being elected as prime minister, she was elected as Labor minister. She introduced a lot of construction projects and road constructions. She was later elected as foreign minster of Israel, where she not just helped negotiate peace and cease fire with the Arabs, She also met with many world leaders like Richard Nixion and and Pope Paul lV to promote peace in the Middle East. She also lead the country through the Yom Kuppur War, a war started by Egypt and Syria during Israel’s national holiday Yom Kuppur, and through the tragedy of the Munich Olympic, where 8 Israeli athletes were assassinated by Arabs extremist. During those times, Meir had demonstrated her capability as a leader through past experiences, and helped strengthen Israel’s position in the world as a immersing power.



Jewish Virtual Library, David Ben Gurion ( 2000) www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/biography/ben_gurion.html**)**
 * Supporting 3** **( First Prime Minister, Improves the Institution of Israel. INFO from**

Another famous person of Israel was David Ben Grunion, the first prime minister of Israel. Ben-Gurion led Israel during its War of Independence. He became Prime Minister on May 14, 1948 until 1963. As the first prime minister, he saw the establishment of a government as priority. He conducted numerous of national projects aimed at the rapid development of the country and its population. For example, Operation Magic Carpet, the airlift of Jews from Arab countries, and the construction of the National Water Carrier, rural development projects and the establishment of new towns and cities. He foresees the future which Israel would be going to war with the Arab. He build up the strength of the Israeli army, and unified them into one national army, the IDF ( Israel Defense Force). This brought another benefit due to the IDF set up a Science corp that developed lots of weapons, explosives and electronic devices for the army. This had proved a a significant break through due to this was not just the first step of making Israel a strong nation, but also having a great opportunity in improving its economy. This industry, in the future, will be a dominant figure in Israel’s economy as its economy will largely depend as it would make lots of weapons to help the IDF fight with the Arabs, and thus enhancing its weaponry every time the a war end, making the weapons reliable and strong.

Ytzak rabin, a famous Israeli, was the one who helped terminate the conflict between Israel and Arabs by which he helped negotiate a peace treaty called the Oslo treaty. Although he was unfortunately assassinated by a Jewish extremist, but his brave action of negotiating a peace treaty was remembered as one of the greatest action ever done, and a significant break through of the diplomatic relations between Israel and the Arabs.
 * Supporting 4 ( Further Improves the Foreign Relation between the Arabs and Israel** From Yitzak Rabin, Jewish Virtual Library ( 2008) www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/ jsource/biography/**rabin**.html **)**

From the partition of UN, to the denial of existence by the Arabs, till now, where its officially recognized as a country and as a strong industrialized weaponry and technology country, Israel was able to transform form to what she is today was due to talented immigrants with talents to help strengthen its nation in the field of economy, politics, and foreign relations.
 * Conclusion**

//**Graph of the transition of Israel ( General Summary of the WIKI)**//
Israeli's weaponries are poor and not safe to operate Most of the people in the army are civilians and farmers. || Moshi Dayan || He helped with the formation of the Israeli Army, the IDF. He used his experience he learned as a commanding officer in WW2, and led Israel to its first victory in the 6 days war. He also proposed that there is a need to improve their weaponries due to malfunctions the soldiers at the front line experienced with their weapons to Grunion, which made Grunion decide form a factory that specifies in the production of weapons. Dayan also helped to train those civilians and other non military personals in the army and changed them into military combatant with full military training and knowledge. || Israel's weapons are some of the best weapons ever made in the world. They now have a well organized army. All of the military personals are well trained with an organized training program. ||
 * Israel 1948 || Leader who helped solve the problem || How did they resolve it? || Israel ( NOW) ||
 * Poverty level is high, inflation, unemployment rate is high, little job opportunities || David Ben Grunion || He made lots of government projects that encourage the growth of the economy. He also provided lots of job opportunities such as workers in factories to help produce weapons in preparation for the 6 days war, and form Israel's first army, the IDF, to offer job opportunities. || Israel adopted democracy as their governing system. They now have a well develop governing system. The unemployment and poverty rate within in the country are low. Their economy relies heavily on making and exporting weapons and computer chips, which brought money and wealth to Israel. ||
 * No formal and organized army
 * Denial of existence by the Arabs

Threat of terrorism || Golda Meir & Yitzak Rabin || They helped negotiate peace treaties, such as the Camp David Accord, with the Arabs to promote peace, and try to stop terrorists from Arabs nation to spread terror within Israel. || Peace still last between the Arabs and the Israelis. ||

__//**Resources:**//__

CIA World Fact Book ( 2008) /www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/is.html
 * http://i-cias.com/e.o/israel_2.htm, retrieved in April 1st, 2008 from CIA.

Jewish Virtual Library, David Ben Gurion ( 2000) , www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/biography/ben_gurion.html Retrieved in May 1st 2008, from Jewish virtual Library.

Israel, Copyright 1996-2008 LookLex Ltd. All rights reserved By: Tore Kjeilen http://i-cias.com/e.o/israel_2.htm,

Retrieved in April 30, 2008 from Looklex Encyclopedia

Military Industry of Israel ( 2001) http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/israel/industry.htm Retrieved March 8, 2008 from Global Security Organizaion.

The Israel High-Tech Industry ( 2008) http://www.mfa.gov.il/mfa/facts%20about%20israel/science%20-%20technology/the%20israel%20high-tech%20industry%20-%20fifty%20years%20of%20exc Retrieved in May 4, 2008 from Israel Foreign Ministry of Affairs.

Government and Politics of Israel ( 1996)http://countrystudies.us/israel/77.htm Retrieved in May 5, 2008 from The US Library of Congress

Golda Meir, Jewish Virtual Library ( 2008) http://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/biography/meir.html Retrieved in May 6 2008 from Jewish Virtual Library.

Yitzak Rabin, Jewish Virtual Library ( 2008) www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/ jsource/biography/**rabin**.html - 9k -

Retrieved in May 8 2008 from Jewish Virtual Library.

Moshe Dayan, Jewish Virtual Library ( 2007-08) www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/ jsource/biography/**Dayan**.html Retrieved in May 7, 2008 from Jewish Virtual Library 

 Thesis : The head water diversion plan led to the six day war, Israel used small amount of troops win the war.
 = __what led to six day war?__ =

Reason

-In 1964 Israel began to withdraw water from jordan river into their own water carrier, in the following year the arab states were constructing the headwater diversion plan, which once constructed it will divert the water of Banias stream before it enter Israel and sea of Galilee, the water will instead to flow to the dam Mukhaiba use by Jordan and Syria, and also will divert the water from Hasbani river into Litani river in Lebanon. Once the headwater diversion plan is finished it will reduce Israel’s water supply by 11% Israeli IDF force attacked the diversion work in Syria in March, May and August of 1965, leaded to the six day war.** <"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Six-Day_War#Israel.27s_National_Water_Carrier">
 * Israel doesn't want their water carrier to decrease 11%

//**__ DAY 1 __**// preliminary air attack Israel launched 200 jets against Egyptian’s airfields, they flew over to the Mediterranean sea before they go to Egypt, meanwhile the Egyptians defense was extremely low, because it was a surprise attack. The Israelis used the mix attack strategy, bombing and shooting against the Egyptians, also used missile SA-2 on the lowest point that Egyptians radar couldn’t detect, bring down the Egyptians airfield. They brought down 50 Tu-16 bombers, 27 il-28 bombers, 12 Su-7 fighter-bombers, over 90 Mig-21, 20 Mig-19, 25 Mig-17 fighters and 32 transport planes and helicopters. The Israeli lost 19 planes mostly from mechanical failure, accidents.

Israeli forces advanced into Sinai, with 6 brigades, one infantry brigade, mechanized brigade, 3 paratrooper brigades and 700 tanks total 70,000 men. The Egyptians had 7 divisions, 4 armored, 2 infantry, and 1 mechanized infantry. over all the had around 100,000 troops and 900-950 tanks. The Israelis planed to attack the Egyptian 7 divisions in the same time just like what they did to their airfields.
 *  DAY 2 **

The Israeli troop central division (Maj Gen Avraham Yoffe) and south division (Maj Gen Ariel Sharon) entered heavily defended Abu-Ageila-Kusseima region, lead to the (battle of abu-ageila) Sharon sent 1 of his brigades to break through the defense in Abu-Ageila, another to block the road to Arish, also to circle Abu-Ageila. At the same time the paratrooper destroyed enemy’s defensive positions. The Egyptians forces were trying to prevent Israeli force get to the Suez canal, but when Egyptian’s minister of defense (Abdel Hakim Amer) heard about the fall of Abu-Ageila, he panicked and ordered the units in Sinai to retreat. So they successfully defeated Egypt.  Jordan had 11 brigades total 55,000 troops, 300 tanks. 9 brigades (45,000 troops, 270 tanks, 200 artillery pieces deployed in the west bank. Israel had 40,000 troops and 200 tanks(8 brigades) to against Jordan. 2 of the brigades were stationed near Jerusalem, called the Jerusalem brigade and Harel brigade the Harel brigade moved itself to north west Jerusalem to mount scopus. by the evening the brigade arrived to Ramallah and detected and destroyed the Jordan brigade and sent troops to support Jerusalem.  Israel took over the whole Sinai peninsula and Egypt cease fire.
 * DAY 3** West bank
 * DAY 4** Golan Heights

DAY5 Syria continues shelling northern Israel, Israeli force concentrated on Golan heights. in the night Israel formed strategic position in Golan Heights  DAY 6 Israel took occupied golan heights and moving toward the city Quneitra. by night Israel controlled mount hermon. USSR and all other eastern European countries agrees tie with Israel conflict.

 __//Sources//__ :
SA-2 missile <“http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/S-75_Dvina”>

six day war timeline, led to the war <“http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Six-Day_War#Israel.27s_National_Water_Carrier”>

mig 21 <“http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mig_21”>

su 7 <“http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Su-7”>

mig 19 <“http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mig-19”>

mig 17 <“http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mig-17”>

il 28 <“http://www.aerospaceweb.org/question/history/production/il28.jpg”>

tu 16 <“http://www.cdi.org/nuclear/database/h6.jpg”>

banias river <“http://www.think-israel.org/mar05pix/tributaries.gif”>